Famous Aboriginal people, activists & role models themonthly.com/issue/2012/october/1349327287/nick-bryant/ [41] In 1992, Oodgeroo Noonuccal received an honorary Doctorate from the Faculty of Education Queensland University of Technology for both her contribution to literature and in recognition of her work in the field of education. It was the first collection of Aboriginal poetry to be published in Chinese and English. Oodgeroo Noonuccal is part of the stolen generation . [30] In March 1990 he directed the world premiere of Munjong, by Richard Walley, at the Victorian Arts Centre. is a testament to both her survival and her prosperity. , http://www.australianworkersheritagecentre.com.au/10_pdf/oodgeroo.pdf . Her poems 'We are going' and 'Let us not be bitter' conveys the loss of the Indigenous culture and how much they suffered because of this. You, who paid the price, When the invaders spilt our blood. publish, and win prestigious literary awards for her efforts, including the the Advancement of Aboriginals and Torres Strait Islanders, and served in Islanders Council and the National Tribal Council (NTC). Its important to remember that the oppression portrayed in The Sapphires is not yet history. to describe Noonuccal, whom he identified more as a polemicist than a celebrate?.". recorded in the Queensland Council for the Advancement of Aborigines and Torres Strait Watchithere. After they were sent to white parents they were taught how to do everyday things . First Australians explores what unfolds when the oldest living culture in the world is overrun by the worlds greatest empire. in the Australian literary tradition. Stolen Generations, Lucy was taught to dismiss her Aboriginality and was under an She rose through the ranks to become a lance corporal, working People interact with the parliament by voting for their representatives at elections. Oodgeroo Noonuccal was an Australian poet, activist, artist and a campaigner for Aboriginal rights. the Dreaming, through the removals, referendum, to self-determination and reconciliation Stradbroke Dreamtime: Aboriginal Stories Oodgeroo Noonuccal 's poems are powerful representations of the collision between white and indigenous Australian culture. The Oxford Companion to Twentieth-Century Poetry in English left an impression on a young Oodgeroo. Your black skin as soft as velvet shine; In 1975 she was presented with the Jessie Litchfield Biography - Sir Douglas Ralph (Doug) Nicholls - Australian Dictionary To say that it is something of the past would be distorting the seriousness of the issue, the Stolen Generation was and always will be a contemporary issue affecting indigenous people. Oodgeroo of the tribe Nunuccal's poetry represents Aboriginal culture by showing the responder that these values, even under the force of European settlement, have remained untouched within the identity of Aboriginal peoples. Further, Lucy insisted that Oodgeroo was to be educated (Youl, n) and her father, Oodgeroo Noonuccal: Poems - Reading Australia Summary of the poem.docx - 1. Summary of the poem Oodgeroo Noonuccal is Omissions? Her parents were exceptional and both positive influences for Oodgeroo. I teach them about the balance of nature. Oodgeroo Noonuccal. increasingly engaged in both poetry and Aboriginal rights. children, for fear of it happening to his family (McIntyre & McKeich, 2009). Thousands of in 1967, thanks to amendments to the Australian Constitution introduced Noonuccal was born on Minjerribah (North Stradbroke Island) in south-eastern Queensland. [45], In 2009 as part of the Q150 celebrations, she was announced as one of the Q150 Icons of Queensland for her role as an "Influential Artist". Go to Oodgeroo Noonuccal poem, with music and image (1993), Oodgeroo is recorded as saying that an Aborigine could not hope Explain the critics response to the book. Testimonianze sulla storia della Magistratura italiana (Orazio Abbamonte), Financial Institutions, Instruments and Markets (Viney; Michael McGrath; Christopher Viney), Australian Financial Accounting (Craig Deegan), Culture and Psychology (Matsumoto; David Matsumoto; Linda Juang), Contract: Cases and Materials (Paterson; Jeannie Robertson; Andrew Duke), Company Accounting (Ken Leo; John Hoggett; John Sweeting; Jennie Radford), Database Systems: Design Implementation and Management (Carlos Coronel; Steven Morris), Financial Accounting: an Integrated Approach (Ken Trotman; Michael Gibbins), Financial Reporting (Janice Loftus; Ken J. Leo; Noel Boys; Belinda Luke; Sorin Daniliuc; Hong Ang; Karyn Byrnes), Principles of Marketing (Philip Kotler; Gary Armstrong; Valerie Trifts; Peggy H. Cunningham), Auditing (Robyn Moroney; Fiona Campbell; Jane Hamilton; Valerie Warren), Na (Dijkstra A.J. Similar tensions in FCAATSI led him to join with Kath Walker (Oodgeroo Noonuccal) in establishing the short-lived National Tribal Council as an alternative forum. Stradbroke Dreamtime Aboriginal suffrage was finally officially realized The It largely replaces the abolished district of Cleveland.Located in City of Redland south-east of Brisbane, Oodgeroo consists of the . 8309D6589A49D355D74678FB23281B80/9781139519403c5_p64-80_CBO/ entered school and was punished for using her left hand to do writing and England and Australia would confer and attempt to rectify the terrible a practice known as the Stolen Generations. could be. The name aborigine derives from the Latin, meaning "original inhabitants." This event is where Indigenous families were HIGE Assessment Term . Indigenous and non-Indigenous people (The National Museum of Australia, 2014). She left school in 1933, during the thick of the Oodgeroos contribution to the Australian community has achieved a powerful Oodgeroo's Representation Of Aboriginal Cultural Identity Retrieved from indigenousrights.net/people/pagination/kath_walker Australian Plays: A Play for Every Stage. : University of Queensland Press, 2009, pp. No part of the material may be reproduced in Australia or in any other country by any process, electronic or otherwise, in any material form, or transmitted to any other person or stored . Weickhardt Award in 1977 as well. was an influential one for Oodgeroo, who was awarded the Mary Gilmore TAFE NSW, Finc3600 project 1 individual brief debt Section- distinction, Week 2 - Attitudes, stereotyping and predjucie, 14449906 Andrew Assessment 2B Written reflection. Oodgeroo Noonuccal context work Flashcards | Quizlet "deeply committed," "charismatic," and Part of this land, like the gnarled gumtree. giving rise to the term stolen generation to describe these families. Her poems, stories and She was Queensland state secretary of the Federal Council for the Advancement of Aborigines and Torres Strait Islanders (FCAATSI),[6] and was involved in a number of other political organisations. His story is a stark reminder of how reconnecting with Australian Aboriginal culture can have adverse impacts, not only on the stolen children, but also their families. existence, or with proper help we could also go on and live in this world The Australian Workers Heritage Centre In reckoning the numbers of people of the Commonwealth, or of a State or other part of the . For Aboriginal people, she said, there had been 200 years of rape and carnage. Rose, M. (2012). Retrieved from youtube/watch? Noonuccal is the name of her people, the traditional owners of Minjerribah and adjoining land for more than 20,000 years. poetrylibrary.edu/poets/noonuccal-oodgeroo/then-and-now- Activist, educator, environmentalist, and the first Aboriginal Australian to publish a work of poetry it seems Oodgeroo Noonuccal could do it all. Oodgeroo Noonuccal (1920-1995) was a famous Aboriginal poet, . Oodgeroo: Bloodline to Country Written by Sam Watson Directed by Sean Mee With Jonathan Brand, Darren Brady, Simon Hapea, Roxanne McDonald, Rhonda Purcell and Emma Pursey La Boite Theatre Company. Click on the image, and zoom in to read the placard she wears around her neck. 'Let no one say the past is dead': History wars and the poetry of She became an activist for Aboriginal rights. The Encyclopedia of Women Social Reformers Others worked tirelessly for humanitarian or environmental causes or against unjust laws. Quandamooka: The Art of Kath Walker When did she publish her first book of poetry? Bias In To Kill A Mockingbird - 708 Words | 123 Help Me In 1984 Oodgeroo Noonuccal was a part of a group of Australian writers who toured China. The Past - Oodgeroo Noonuccal. Go to Oodgeroo Noonuccals name WARNING: Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander readers are warned that the About this record. As we see from her poetry in the clip, there is an unbroken link between the ancient past and the contemporary present, via the arrival and settlement of European civilisation over a 200-year period, which illustrates the long journey that Australian indigenous peoples have travelled. , edited by Ian Hamilton, Oxford University Press, 1994. program. To download a free copy of this Video Clip choose from the options below. Little Fella Islanders (QCAATSI) and the Federal Council for the Advancement of Aborigines This could be why His ruthless She was an Indigenous rights activist and poet who spoke at the 1970 protests. Thank you. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. Oodgeroo Because of Oodgeroos contribution in the events of the Referendum and Self- The hijackers shot a crew member and a passenger and forced the plane to fly to several different African destinations. This is a transcript from Time to Listen (c1970) of an interview with political activist and writer Oodgeroo Noonuccal (formerly Kath Walker) in which she discusses race issues in Australia and her role as a poet. In 1964 she became one of Australias first published Aboriginal poets with the release of. Oodgeroo Noonuccal (1920-1993) - Royal Australian Historical Society In 1988 Oodgeroo Noonuccal returned the MBE she had been awarded 18 years language, the murders, the poisoning, the scalping, the denial of land Her obituary in the This article was most recently revised and updated by, https://www.britannica.com/biography/Oodgeroo-Noonuccal, Oodgeroo Noonuccal - Children's Encyclopedia (Ages 8-11), Oodgeroo Noonuccal - Student Encyclopedia (Ages 11 and up). [10] Critics' responses were mixed, with some questioning whether Oodgeroo, as an Aboriginal person, could really have written it herself. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). [17], On 13 June 1970, Noonuccal (as Kathleen Jean Mary Walker) received the award of Member of the Order of the British Empire (Civil) (MBE) for her services to the community. aka-kath-walker, Copyright 2023 StudeerSnel B.V., Keizersgracht 424, 1016 GC Amsterdam, KVK: 56829787, BTW: NL852321363B01. positive self-Indigenous image (Dr Sarra, 2012). , and her commitment to using her writing as a weapon wielded on behalf of , edited by Helen Rappaport, ABC-Clio, Inc., 2001. First Nations of the North-East - Noonuccal / Nunukul People and History aboriginal rights after federation. Following the 1967 referendum the liberal politics associated with the Federal Council for the Advancement of Aborigines and Torres Strait Islanders (FCAATSI) was eclipsed by more radical ideas and organisations. I am the river, softly singing. Further, the Oodgeroo Noonuccal aka Kath Walker - Australian Children's Poetry Website The underprivileged are stuck in the midst and subsequently, they feel a sense of inequality. , or English HSC Draft - Essay Sample - How important is Noonuccal - Studocu Deborahs father Wally, the emotions from that time where Indigenous children were Walkers writings include The Dawn Is at Hand (1966); My People: A Kath Walker Collection (1970), containing her two previously published books of poetry, in addition to new poetry, fiction, essays, and speeches; Stradbroke Dreamtime (1972), including stories of her childhood, traditional Aboriginal folktales, and new tales cast in traditional form; a childrens book, Father Sky and Mother Earth (1981); and a treatment of Aboriginal creation myth, The Rainbow Serpent (1988). Analyzes how oodgeroo noonuccal's poem 'son of mine' explores the cultural diversity of black and white in australian society. The corroboree is gone. Referendum and self Determination for Indigenous people. Let no-one say the past is dead, the past is all about us and within. By her own admission, her poetry is sloganistic and direct, using easily accessible rhyme schemes and allusions. Her formal education ended with primary school; at age 13 she entered domestic service in Brisbane. - Oodgeroo Noonuccal was a black rights actisivist, a talented poet and educator. Oodgeroo Noonuccal has been described by those , then wrote and illustrated the children's story rights. Noonuccal's storytelling and boundless energy. Afterwards, she and her husband Bruce Walker became involved in the Communist Party Analysis: The poem 'The Stolen Generation' is about events that occurred between 1910 to 1970 all over Australia. This internationalist flavour is conveyed in the opening of The Sapphires that showcases Muhammad Alis famous anti-war message, No Viet Cong ever called me nigger.. The National Museum of Australia: Collaboration for Indigenous Rights. www-cambridge-org.ezproxy.lib.swin.edu/core/services/aop-cambridge- for better than a domestic job, even with schooling. Similarities Between To Kill A Mockingbird And A Part | 123 Help Me Oodgeroo Noonuccal - Indigenous Studies, Identity - National Film and Kath Walker. [32] He died on 20 February 1991. Go to FCAATSI, Oodgeroo Noonuccal biography & references, Oodgeroo Noonuccal poem, with music and image. 2018). At age 16 she was rejected for nurses training because of her Aboriginal descent. It describes her return to Moongalba and her life there. Click on the image, and zoom in to read the placard she wears around her neck. In Roberta Sykes's discuss and reflect upon the historical, political and contemporary importance and influence of activist, critic and author-poet, Oodgeroo Noonuccal, both on the indigenous Australian community and the wider Australian public. , http://www.equalitymedia.com.au/equality/video/ev021.htm (December 18, Poster A1_The_life_of_Oodgeroo_Noonuccal.docx - WARNING: She attended the Dulwich Primary School, where she frequently Noonuccals political activism, expressed through her poetry, represents and captures the growing reaction by a new generation of indigenous Australians against this long-standing colonial mentality. (1989), was initially popular with white Australian readers, and grew to be an servant at the age of 13. that post until 1970. Municipal Gum - Aboriginal Protest Poetry - Weebly prominent campaigner for better conditions for Aboriginal workers, and this too Aboriginal people, their rights and their emotional struggle in a manner that had not been It is nevertheless a compelling reminder of the injustices that sparked the modern Aboriginal rights movement. . ), Management Accounting (Kim Langfield-Smith; Helen Thorne; David Alan Smith; Ronald W. Hilton), Assignment 1: Researching Indigenous Australians, Indigenous Education and Perspectives (EDU10005), Torts exam notes - Comprehensive summary combining summaries of cases, lecture slides and summaries, COS30043 Interface Design and Development Outline S1 2019, A3- Project Report - Assessment 3 on discrimination in the police force, Seminar assignments - Assignment 2 Physical Database and Database Design Related Issues, 102116640 Research Plan Global Media Industries, Corporate Financial Reporting and Analysis (ACCT2542), Management Accounting Fundamentals (200116), Research Methods in Psychology A (HPS201), Medical and Diagnostic Biochemistry (091344), Project Management and the Professional (031272), Foundations of Nursing Practice 2 (NURS11154), Applications of Functional Anatomy to Physical Education (HB101), Anatomy For Biomedical Science (HUBS1109), Economics for Business Decision Making (BUSS1040), Introducing Quantitative Research (SOCY2339), Assessment 1 - Essay including a personal reflection, Ethics EXAM Notes - Summary Lawyers' Professional Responsibility, Lecture notes, lectures all - summarised notes for course, Exercises Practice 2012, Questions and answers.pdf, AS 1720.1 - 2010 Timber Structures Part 1: Design Methods, General Microbiology - Lecture notes - 1 - 21, Chapter 01 Solutions About Assurance Services And Analytic Learning, Tutorial work - homework 1-10 with solutions, examples 1-10, Sitxfsa 002 - A01 - Participate in safe food handling practices, Chccom005- ed17 - Communicate and work in health or community services. http://ia.anu.edu.au/biography/noonuccal-oodgeroo-18057, https://www.awm.gov.au/learn/memorial-boxes/3/online-resources/walker, https://www.austlit.edu.au/austlit/page/A12345, http://www.womenaustralia.info/biogs/IMP0082b.htm. She published for the Australian Women's Army Service from 1941 to 1944. New York Times and placed in missions run by churches like other Aboriginal children; this developed a Her mother, Lucy McCulloch, was one of the Stolen Generations. Stradbroke Island. Anthony Albanese has unveiled proposed constitutional changes to introduce an Indigenous Voice to Parliament, as well as design principles for the body itself. ) and her mother, Lucy, was from inland. Black people "are getting stronger all across the world," declares Kath Walker, the renowned Aboriginal poet, who later in life adopted the Indigenous name of Oodgeroo Noonuccal (of the Noonuccal . earlier to Queen Elizabeth II, protesting the two-century anniversary of [42], She was appointed a Member of the Order of the British Empire in 1970, but returned the award in 1987 in protest at the Australian Bicentenary celebrations in order to make a political statement about the condition of her people. My People: A Kath Walker Collection She wrote many books, beginning with We Are Going (1964), the first book to be published by an Aboriginal woman. These Freedom Rides were inspired by Martin Luther King Jr and the resistance to racism in the US and drew embarrassing comparisons with the Jim Crow segregation laws of the southern USA. Your present generation comes, Seeking strength and wisdom in your memory. A good place to start is her entry in the Australian Dictionary of Biography,here, or her biography by the Queensland University of Technology,here. [1][4][27][34], A play has been written by Sam Watson entitled Oodgeroo: Bloodline to Country, based on Oodgeroo Noonuccal's real-life experience as an Aboriginal woman on board a flight hijacked by Palestinian terrorists on her way home from a committee meeting in Nigeria for the World Black and African Festival of Arts and Culture[35], Noonuccal's poetry has been set to music by numerous composers, including Christopher Gordon, Clare Maclean, Stephen Leek, Andrew Ford, Paul Stanhope, Mary Mageau, and Joseph Twist. Both Oodgeroo and Deborah were raised by their families Oodgeroo's parents were That Oodgeroo's values suggest that the past cannot simply vanish as it is a symbol of her present identity and culture. Bryant, N. (2012) The Mailman Express: An Actress on a Roll. 6 pages Years : F - 6 Teaching Resource . Oodgeroo Noonuccal. Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people are advised that this webpage contains the images and names of people who have passed away. Polemical and ostensibly unsophisticated, Walkers poetry enjoys a large audience and is appreciated for its heartfelt, moving evocation of the dispossession of the Aboriginal people, their plight, and their future. Look at her photograph in the exhibition, Eight Days in Kamay, here (hers is the first image in the carousel.) articulate expression of wrongs inflicted upon Australian Aboriginal Kath Walker's Australian Aboriginal name is Oodgeroo Noonuccal. discriminated against because of their race and forced to adopt to non-Indigenous ways Nunuccal I'm part of the rocks and the red desert earth. Mary Ruska on November 3, 1920, in Minjerriba, also known as North This DVD hows Kath Walker living on Stradbroke Island and discusses her contribution to the Aboriginal Civil Rights Movement, her vies of Aboriginal culture and her involvement with poetry. Gone, but not Forgotten Oodgeroo died on September 9, 1993, at the age of 72 in Brisbane, Australia, of cancer, leaving behind her two sons. In a moment of solidarity between two peoples fighting for self-determination the singers are allowed to pass and in an act of resistance Kay reclaims her Aboriginal identity. The Dawn is at Hand Oodgeroo, meaning paperbark tree (whose bark is used for drawing), referred to her role as writer and artist. Middle Ages to the Present Arriving in Shanghai, she hadn't written poetry for a long time. Dreamtime by Oodgeroo Noonuccal Kath Walker - Famous poems, famous Australian Women Exhibition [13], Walker was inaugural president of the committee of the Aboriginal Publications Foundation, which published the magazine Identity in the 1970s. Flashcards. (n) Retrieved from You have entered an incorrect email address! A wreath template for students to decorate and use as part of a class display. demanding Oodgeroo continued to write, and was the poet-in-residence at [25][26], Noonuccal was born Kathleen Jean Mary Ruska on 3 November 1920 on North Stradbroke Island. Australia's Unwritten History: Some Legends of Our Land ia.anu.edu/biography/noonuccal-oodgeroo- White kids as well as black. Government. You are free to copy, distribute, remix and build upon this content as long as you credit the author and the State Library of NSW as the source. In 1970, Oodgeroo Noonuccal (under the name Kathleen Walker) was appointed a Member of the Order of the British Empire (Civil) for . ROYAL AUSTRALIAN HISTORICAL SOCIETY - Knowing our history, Written by Elizabeth Heffernan, RAHS She campaigned successfully for the 1967 abolition of discriminatory, anti-Aboriginal sections of the Australian constitution. I teach them about Aboriginal culture. Learn how to interpret primary sources, use our collection and more. Stolen Generation Speech Essay - 815 Words | Studymode Oodgeroo Noonuccal, also known as Kath Walker, was an Indigenous Australian poet and activist who was a key figure in the movement for the rights and recognition of Indigenous Australians. In general what was the poetry about? as insisting on returning the honor until "all Aboriginal tribes (Australian Plays, 2019). Oodgeroo This worksheet helps students understand and interpret her poem 'The Past'.This poem is excellent for exploring indigenous perspectives as well as understanding the way historical policies like assimilation have had an impact on Aboriginal Australians. In 1988, as a protest against continuing Aboriginal disadvantage during the Bicentennial Celebration of White Australia, Walker returned the MBE she had been awarded in 1970, and subsequently adopted the Noonuccal tribal name Oodgeroo (meaning "paperbark"). Oodgeroo, My People, Jacaranda Press, Milton, Qld, 3rd edition, 1990 She was a key figure in the campaign for the reform of the Australian constitution to allow Aboriginal people full citizenship, lobbying Prime Minister Robert Menzies in 1965, and his successor Harold Holt in 1966. [44], In 2016 the Queensland Poetry Festival introduced an Indigenous program which included the inaugural Oodgeroo Noonuccal Indigenous Poetry Prize. Was the long night weary? aiatsis.gov/explore/articles/apology-australias-indigenous-peoples signaller, but she managed administrative duties and quickly advanced to lance corporal. australianstogether.org/discover/australian-history/stolen-generations 'other', a voice from the periphery sometimes harmonizing A trust was established in 1972. brothers in Singapore by the Japanese, Oodgeroo joined the Australian Womens Award for bulldozers are digging his own grave." [9] The title poem concludes: The scrubs are gone, the hunting and the laughter. Oodgeroo eventually left because they wanted to write The Oxford Companion to Australian Literature Oodgeroo Noonuccal, also called (until 1988) Kath Walker original Anglo-Australian name in full Kathleen Jean Mary Ruska, (born Nov. 3, 1920, Australiadied Sept. 16, 1993, Brisbane), Australian Aboriginal writer and political activist, considered the first of the modern-day Aboriginal protest writers. Not surprisingly, her formal education stopped at the as Oodgeroo Noonuccal (Kath Walker), Reg Saunders, and Charles Mene.3 . 'Let no one say the past is dead': History wars and the poetry of Oodgeroo Noonuccal and Sonia Sanchez - Volume 25 Issue 1 . She is warmly dressed in a jumper and pants and is holding a blanket. Following this Deborahs play was re-written to include the, Reference List the United States on a Fulbright Scholarship, lecturing on Aboriginal traditional manner. and Cultural Centre at Moongalba, where her teachings inspired thousands of ), 1951 Australian Communist Party ban referendum, Federal Council for the Advancement of Aborigines and Torres Strait Islanders, Member of the Order of the British Empire (Civil), Member of the Order of the British Empire, Oodgeroo Noonuccal Indigenous Poetry Prize, "Indigenous defence service - The Australian War Memorial", "Obituary: OODGEROO NOONUCCAL (Kath Walker) A tireless fighter for land and civil rights", "Oodgeroo Noonuccal (Kath (Ruska) Walker)", "Records of the Aboriginal Publications Foundation: MS3781", "Shadow Sister: A Film Biography of Aboriginal Poet Kath Walker (Oodgeroo Noonuccal), MBE", "Kath Walker - Sick Bag Poem - Treasures from the Fryer Library", "AUSTRALIAN HOSTAGES Hijackers free 17 from British jet", "Encyclopedia of World Biography Supplement: Supplement (Mi-So): Oodgeroo Noonuccal Biography", "Marriage registration: Kathleen Jean Mary Ruska", "Aboriginal National Theatre Trust Limited - records, 1902-1991 [Catalogue record]", "Passing of Oodgeroo of The Tribe Noonuccul", "Oodgeroo Noonuccal: Australian Music Centre", "Honorary doctorates: Previous honoris causa recipients", "Roll of Honorary Graduates: Oodgeroo of the Tribe Noonuccal", "National NAIDOC Awards: Winner profiles", "Oodgeroo Noonuccal Postgraduate and Undergraduate Scholarships", "Determination of Queensland's Legislative Assembly Electoral Districts", University of Queensland's Fryer Library Online Exhibition, University of Queensland Fryer Library Online Exhibition "1967 Referendum: Queensland organisations and activists", Article discussing Sam Watson's play about OodOodgeroo Noonuccal, "Oodgeroo: 'A keeper of the law, a teller of stories', https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Oodgeroo_Noonuccal&oldid=1151761449, 20th-century Australian non-fiction writers, Australian Members of the Order of the British Empire, Short description is different from Wikidata, All Wikipedia articles written in Australian English, Pages using infobox person with multiple employers, Pages using infobox person with multiple parents, Articles with dead external links from December 2017, Articles with permanently dead external links, Articles with dead external links from May 2016, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, Poetry, acting, writing, Aboriginal rights activism, Federal Council for the Advancement of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islanders (, Listen to a recording of Oodgeroo Noonuccal reading her poem, This page was last edited on 26 April 2023, at 02:12.